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Ecological biomonitoring of peatlands - the NCV index, acidification and eutrophication
Henková Mauleová, Lucie ; Neustupa, Jiří (advisor) ; Šťastný, Jan (referee)
Biomonitoring is a method of ecosystem properties determination based on its biological properties, especially composition of the biota. Based on various aquatic-oriented biomonitoring systems, it is possible to quantify, for example, water purity or trophic index for water management purposes or to characterize the ecological status of the ecosystem for scientific and conservation purposes. While water quality-oriented biomonitoring systems are widespread and routinely used, ecology state-oriented (quantifying qualities like succession stage or stability) are less exploited and their wider use in the future could help understanding and management of some aquatic ecosystems. One of the ecology-oriented biomonitoring systems is NCV index (natural conservation value index) oriented to wetlands which it evaluates through their desmid biota, measuring species diversity, rarity of represented species and ecosystem maturity for which they are typical, and rarity of represented species NCV index aims to describe the value of the ecosystem in terms of its replicability.
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Ověření vlivu rozpustných fenolických látek na aktivitu extracelulárních enzymů v rašeliništích
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of the study was to verify the influence of the soluble phenolic compounds on the activity of extracellular enzymes. We tested the effect of aerobic and anaerobic conditions and addition of soluble phenolic compounds on potential activity of extracellular enzymes in two laboratory experiments. The results showed, that potential activities of oxidative extracellular enzymes such as phenol oxidase and peroxidase did not decline in anaerobic incubations, and have no oxygen requirement. Potential activities of hydrolytic enzymes was not inhibited by phenolic compounds and are oxygen related or have no oxygen relationship. No negative relationship between hydrolytic enzymes and phenolic compounds was observed. In summary, our results do not support the ''enzymatic latch'' hypothesis.
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Peat bog - an important habitat in the CHKO Třeboňsko protected area
ADAMÍKOVÁ, Markéta
This batchelor thesis is focused on peatlands - important biotop (ecosystem) in the Třeboňsko Protected Landscape Area. The aim of the thesis is to collect didactic information which will be used by visitors of the protected area, mainly pupils, for environmental education. In the theoretical part the information about the Třeboňsko Protected Landscape Area are reviewed, like geology, hydrology, fauna and flora. Then the information about peatlands, their history, development, human use and its importance for the landscape and nature are included. In didactic part of the thesis, two excursions are suggested: "What is the peatland whispering about" and "Lets go to the peatland". These excursions include general presentation about peatlands. The excursions are planned for the first and for the second grades of primary school and they also include the worksheets for pupils and teachers and some ecological games. The last didactic material is a programm "Long time ago" for the first grade of primary school and for the institution "Dům přírody" in Třeboň. In this programme two fairy stories are the main topic and they should support sensual feeling of nature.
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Botanical survey of a restored segment of the Jedlový stream (Šumava National Park)
PETRŮ, Jan
The thesis is part of project "Bohemian Revitalization of wetlands and peatlands". The aim is to catch up the current state (before revitalization) of vegetation and flora with possibility of the existence of rare endagered species in Fir Stream plains in the Southern Bohemia, district Prachatice, cadastral area Volary. There was engaged generic list of plants in this interest locality. There was defined by the 6 permanent areas with dimensions 4x4 m. I made a complete inventory of all found species. Overall, it was found 38 plant species: 11 monocotyledonous plants, 25 dicotyledonous plants and 2 bryophytes.
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Revitalization of peatbogs of the Šumava National Park and its potential in conservation education
KAIFEROVÁ, Olga
The peatlands belong to unique biotopes of our landscape. Great attention is paid to their protection, especially due to the fact that they are home sites for rare animal and plant species as a whole they are very important for the general diversity of the landscape, and they play a vital role in the water regime of the landscape as well. More than 70 % of peat bogs were drained in Šumava in the past. Drainage leads to a general distortion and degradation changes (in peat, flora as well as fauna). The programme known as the "Programme of revitalisation of Šumava wetlands and peat bogs" is focused on the rescue of the spots affected. Its main aim is the the rescue and protection of spoiled wetlands and peat bogs, as well as a general remedy od the distorted water regime in the landscape. Within voluntary activiries, so called Days for Peat-bogs, the public can get involved into the peat bog recovery.
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